Grafle

Script guide › Latin

Indonesian / Malay vs Vietnamese

Indonesian / Malay and Vietnamese sit in the same corner of the writing-system map — Grafle's Latin group — and players mix them up constantly. Here's the fastest way to tell them apart.

The tell

Vietnamese is instantly recognizable by stacked diacritics; Indonesian/Malay has none at all.

Side by side

Indonesian / Malay

Semua orang dilahirkan merdeka dan mempunyai martabat yang sama.

Halo, apa kabar? Senang bertemu dengan kamu.

Sedikit demi sedikit, lama-lama menjadi bukit.

Indonesian / Malay's own tells

  • Clean Latin with no accents at all; prefixes me-, ber-, di- everywhere, plus hyphenated doubled words (lama-lama).
  • The endings -nya and -kan are also everywhere. On street signs, Jl. (Jalan = street) is the giveaway.

On signs in:

  • Indonesia
  • Malaysia
  • Brunei
  • Singapore

Full guide to recognizing Indonesian / Malay →

Vietnamese

Tất cả mọi người sinh ra đều tự do và bình đẳng.

Xin chào, bạn có khỏe không?

Có công mài sắt, có ngày nên kim.

Vietnamese's own tells

  • Stacked diacritics — tone marks on top of vowel marks (ề, ỏ, ắ) — nothing else looks like it.
  • Every word is short (one syllable).

On signs in:

  • Vietnam

Full guide to recognizing Vietnamese →

More lookalike pairs